Belgijskie działa przeciwlotnicze w 1940

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MKG
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Belgijskie działa przeciwlotnicze w 1940

Post autor: MKG »

Yo ho, ho!

W miarę pilnie potrzebuję informacji dot. typów dział przeciwlotniczych używanych w Belgii w 1940 roku. Może macie o nich jakieś wzmianki?

Pozdrawiam,
Marcin
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Andrzej
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Post autor: Andrzej »

Mam krótki opis belgijskiej artylerii z 1940 jak znajdę go to wrzucę na forum.
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Post autor: Andrzej »

Znalazłem trochę ale niestety nie po naszemu myslę że jednak się może przydać

Recently been studying the Belgian army of May 1940 and have happily been going through various tomes and internet sources. While there is still much to find out a pretty consistent pattern has been emerging in terms of OOB, organisation, equipment and to a lesser extent equipment numbers.

On p42 in the article on the Fall of France there is a table showing “equipment available” for various countries including Belgium in “Spring 1940”. Unfortunately no sources are given for the figures presented.

I quote the numbers below:
MG……......3.600
Mortars…...2,268
AT Guns…....144
Field Guns…..390
Hvy Guns…...152
AA Guns…..…600

For example:

Anti tank guns.

The usual figure I have seen is for c 750 47mm FRC AT guns and not a mere 144.
A calculation from the OOB given by Niehorster gives a minimum figure of 716 and various sources do not make any comment as to there being a massive shortage of AT guns compared to what the unit organisation requires.

Anti Aircraft guns

Niehorster‘s OOB suggests
94 40mm
108 75 mm
12 94mm

A total of 120 heavy and 94 “light”.

Field and heavy artillery

The Campaign of the Belgian army in May 1940 article gives a figure of 1338 guns available to the Belgian Army, a figure quoted in various sources.

Heavy Guns
The 152 figure given by Nolfi for heavy guns is very close to the 150 figure for guns and howitzers of 150mm or greater calibre to be found in Army Artillery Regiments (excluding 5th Army Artillery Regiment with its coast defence and railway guns). It however seems to exclude any weapons of such calibre in the Artillery Regiments attached to Corps. These amount to another c 200 heavy guns

Field Guns
May I just say aargh!!! at this point. But for the fact the 390 may relate to a particular model of gun used by the Belgians which would be most useful I'd ignore this figure completely. It seems to bear no relation to any combination of Corps or division or certain type of division or...as I said AAARGH!

very unfortunately from my point of view Nolfi gives figures for MGs and mortars, items for which Iave no figures for at all. Given the lack of correspondance between the rest of his data and any other figures I have must I totally disregard these figures too?

Belgian field artillery, as of 10 May 1940 (from a study by LC Bikar)

Divisional artillery:
- The artillery of the 12 regular infantry divisions (1st to 12th
RA, each 36x 75mm guns and 12x 105mm howitzers) was all horse-drawn.
- Same for the 6 reserve infantry divisions, except each had only
24x 75mm guns (21st to 26th RA).
- The 2 cavalry divisions each had 24x motor-drawn 75mm (17th and 18th RA).

Corps artillery: artillery regiments 13th to 16th, 19th and 20th.
- 13th to 16th RA contained a mix of weapons: their 72x 105mm L
guns and 144x 155mm howitzers were horse-drawn, but the 48x 120mm L guns were motor-draw.
- The 19th RA (24x 75mm guns, 24x 105mm howitzers) supported the
Cavalry Corps and was motor-drawn.
- The 20th RA was the former "Régiment d'Artillerie des Chasseurs Ardennais", with 16x 75mm howitzers and 24x 105mm howitzers, all
motor-drawn. It was considered Corps artillery, not divisional.
- The Chasseurs Ardennais also disposed of 2 independent motor-drawn batteries (8x 150mm howitzers).
- Finally, there was an independent static battery of 4x 120mm de Bange guns.

Army artillery: 1st to 5th RAA
- 1st to 3rd RAA had a mix of motor-drawn weapons:
12x 150mm L43 guns, 12x 155mm M24 guns, 48x 155mm L guns, 36x 220mm mortars.
- 3rd RAA also controlled an unknown number of Van Deuren trench mortars.
- 4th RAA had 12x motor-drawn 150mm L17 howitzers and 60x horse-drawn 150mm or 6" howitzers.
- 5th RAA controlled the coastal artillery and 12x railway weapons (6x 170mm and 5x 280mm guns, 1x 305mm howitzer).

"Troupes de Renfort et d'Instruction" artillery: 31st
to 34th RA, and 6th
RAA.
- These regiments contained reinforcement batteries (without matériel) and instruction batteries, with a theoretical total of 142 weapons.
- 34th RA (14 weapons) was motorized; not sure about the rest.

Other artillery assets not covered here:
- Fortress artillery
- Coastal artillery
- AA artillery
- Van Deuren trench mortars, also serving with the
infantry.

Divisional artillery:
- The artillery of the 12 regular infantry divisions (1st to 12th RA, each 36x 75mm guns and 12x 105mm howitzers) was all horse-drawn.

Arranged in 3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 75mm guns and 1 Bn of 3 batteries each of 105mm howitzers

Note that 7 I.D. had the 20th A.R. (mot.) with 2 Bn of 75mm and 2 Bn of 105mm.
The 7th I.D.'s 12th A.R. went to the 2nd Chasseur Ardennais division
The A.R. are not arranged sequentially within the sequence of Infantry divisions

Same for the 6 reserve infantry divisions, except each had only 24x 75mm guns (21st to 26th RA) .

A.R. organised as 2 Bns each of 3 batteries each of 4 75mm guns.
While the A.R. followed sequentially 21st to 26th in the 13th to 18th I.D. respectively
Note 18th I.D. had the 26th A.R. but this was made up of I/26 and I/17
II/26th was in V Corps (3 batteries each of 4- 75mm guns)

The 2 cavalry divisions each had 24x motor-drawn 75mm (17th and 18th RA).

1st Cav Division 17th Horse A.R. I/17 with 18 I.D. of 3 batteries of 4 75mm guns
II/17 with 1 Cav Div. of 3 batteries of 4 75mm guns

2 Cav Division 18th Horse A.R. 2 Bn each of 3 batteries of 4 75mm guns

Corps artillery: artillery regiments 13th to 16th, 19th and 20th.
- 13th to 16th RA contained a mix of weapons: their 72x 105mm L guns and 144x 155mm howitzers were horse-drawn, but the 48x 120mm L guns were motor-draw.

I corps: 14th A.R.: 2 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 105mm L/28 M13
1 Bn of 2 batteries each of 4 120mm Cockerill M31
3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 155mm L/30 M17

II Corps: 16th A.R.: 2 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 105mm L/28 M13
1 Bn of 2 batteries each of 4 120mm Cockerill M31
3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 155mm L/30 M17

III Corps: 15th A.R. 2 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 105mm L/28 M13
2 Bn each of 2 batteries each of 4 120mm Cockerill M31
3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 155mm L/30 M17

IV Corps 13th A.R. 2 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 105mm L/28 M13
2 Bn each of 2 batteries each of 4 120mm Cockerill M31
3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 155mm L/30 M17

The 19th RA (24x 75mm guns, 24x 105mm howitzers)
supported the Cavalry Corps and was motor-drawn.

Cav Corps 19th A.R. (part) 2 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 75mm guns
1 Bn of 3 batteries of 4 105mm howitzers

IV Bn/ 19th A.R. 1 Bn of 3 batteries of 4 105mm howitzers supporting Groupement K

- The 20th RA was the former "Régiment d'Artillerie des Chasseurs Ardennais", with 16x 75mm howitzers and 24x 105mm howitzers, all motor-drawn. It was considered Corps artillery, not divisional.

Note that I/ and III/ 20th A.R. was with 7th I.D.

The Chasseurs Ardennais also disposed of 2 independent motor-drawn batteries (8x 150mm howitzers).

I have no indication of these batteries - yet.

1st Chasseurs Ardennais division I/20th A.R. 2 batteries each 4 75mm guns
III/ 20th A.R. 3 batteries each of 2 105mm howitzers

2nd Chasseur Ardennais Division II/20th A.R. 2 batteries each 4 75mm guns
IV/ 20th A.R. 3 batteries each of 2 105mm howitzers
Note these 2 Bn were in fact in 7 I.D. and were replaced by 12th A.R. of 3 Bn each of 3 batteries each of 4 75mm guns and 1 Bn of 3 batteries each of 105mm howitzers

- Finally, there was an independent static battery of
4x 120mm de Bange guns.

V corps

Army artillery: 1st to 5th RAA
- 1st to 3rd RAA had a mix of motor-drawn weapons:12x 150mm L43 guns, 12x 155mm M24 guns, 48x 155mm L guns, 36x 220mm mortars.
- 3rd RAA also controlled an unknown number of VanDeuren trench mortars.
- 4th RAA had 12x motor-drawn 150mm L17 howitzers and 60x horse-drawn 150mm or 6" howitzers.
- 5th RAA controlled the coastal artillery and 12x railway weapons (6x 170mm and 5x 280mm guns, 1x 305mm
howitzer).

1st A.A.R I Bn 12 155mm L/30 M 17 guns
II Bn 12 150mm L/43 K-16 guns
III Bn 12 155m L/38 guns M 25

2nd A.A.R I, III and IV Bns each of 12 220mm howitzers M-16

3rd A.A.AR. I Bn 12 155mm L/30 M 17 guns
II Bn 12 155mm L/30 M 17 guns
III Bn 12 155mm L/30 M 17 guns
IV Bn 36 70mm Van Deuren mortars

4th A.A.R. I Bn 12 150mm L/17 sFH-13 howitzers
II Bn 12 150mm L/17 sFH-13 howitzers
III Bn 12 150mm L/17 sFH-13 howitzers
IV Bn 12 150mm L/17 sFH-13 howitzers
V Bn 12 152 mm L/13 British 6” howitzers
VI Bn 12 152 mm L/13 British 6” howitzers

5th A.A.R. II/5 batteries 4 to 8, 170mm L/40 Krupp SK, 2 guns each
batteries 7 and 8, 2 280mm L/40 Bruno SK
battery 9, 1 280mm L/40 Bruno SK
battery 10, 1 305mm L/12 howitzer, (Vickers 12” )

I/5 coastal defence

"Troupes de Renfort et d'Instruction" artillery: 31st to 34th RA, and 6th RAA.
- These regiments contained reinforcement batteries (without matériel) and instruction batteries, with a
theoretical total of 142 weapons.

In my post on AA guns I make a suggestion as to the possible number and type of guns in the AA school

34th RA (14 weapons) was motorized; not sure about the rest.

Other artillery assets not covered here:
- Fortress artillery
- Coastal artillery
- AA artillery
- Van Deuren trench mortars, also serving with the infantry.

Further thoughts on the number of Cockerill Mle. 32

Again the number of Cockerill 120mm guns is given in this post as 48. However I am now happy that the true number is in fact 24:

After a reorganisation of the armed forces in 1928, the Belgian Army had:

Corps de Cavallerie: 2 cavalry divisions
Corps de Chasseurs Ardennais: 2 Chasseur Ardennais divisions
Tank Regiment of 75 war surplus FT 17/18
1 Army Artillery Brigade
Land AA defence
Territorial arm unit and Gendarmerie units
And
3 Corps d’armee (I, II and III)

In the early 1930’s it would appear that a request was made for a new Corps gun suitable for motorised towing to supplement the WW1 weapons then in use. Given the organisation of the Corps d’Armee (see below), 1 group (battalion) of such guns per Corps would require 24 guns in total.

These 3 corps had an identical organisation namely:
2 Infantry Divisions
1 Corps Artillery Regiment
1 engineer Regiment.

The Corp Artillery Regiment had:

2 howitzer groups each of
2 batteries each of
4 Schneider Mle.1917 155 mm howitzers

1 field gun group of
2 batteries each of
4 Schneider Mle. 1913 105mm guns

1 motorized artillery group of
2 batteries each of
4 Cockerill Mle. 32 120mm guns.

As can be seen this organisation gives 8 Cockerill Mle. 32 per corps, or 24 in total. This figure is the number quoted as the total production for the Cockerill Mle. 32 in the sources I have seen. The Belgian Army still had 3 Corps d’Armee of the sam eorganisation as far as I know up to July 1939 when the size of the Army was increased from 26-8-39 when mobilisation was ordered. There was therefore no requirement for additional Cockerill Mle. 32 in the Corp artillery regiments before this time.

On May 10th 1940 Niehorster shows:

1 battalion of 2 batteries of 4 Cockerill Mle. 32 guns each in of I and II corps
2 battalions each of 2 batteries each of 4 Cockerill Mle. 32 guns each in III and IV corps

Thus the number Cockerill Mle. 32 batteries and guns in I and II corps is the same as in the early 1930s but there is an extra battalion in III corps and 2 new battalions in IV corps. This gives a total of 48 guns
However I have yet to see a source giving a production figure of more than 24 for the Cockerill Mle. 32. I believe that the organisation of the early 1930s Belgian Army supports a production figure for 24 guns.

I do not know what guns were in these new additional battalions, but the weight of evidence suggests they were not in fact 120mm Cockerill Mle. 32s.
ODPOWIEDZ

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